TRICUSO: Three Research Infrastructures together: Carbon Uptake Southern Ocean

The ocean is key in the global C cycle, taking up ca. 25% of the CO2 we emit, slowing climate change and giving us more time to

mitigate and adapt to climate change. The Ocean C Value Chain (VC) of observations, data QC & analysis delivers key information

around this to decision makers such as the Conference of the Parties. The RIs play a pivotal role in the VC via their ability to operate

at scale & pool resources to ensure common data standards and operational practices. The urgency of the climate crisis drives us to put

this VC on a much more robust footing with the World Meteorological Organisation leading the planning of a Global Greenhouse Gas

Watch (G3W) covering all components of the Earth System. Unfortunately the VC currently delivers estimates of Ocean C uptake much

larger than those from models, leading to a damaged ability to manage climate change. However further work suggests that observations

at a much higher density in the Southern Ocean (SO) would substantially resolve this issue. Our ability to deliver these via ships is

limited by the small number that enter the SO and we therefore need many more observations from research vessels, citizen science

platforms, autonomous robotic floats & surface platforms. This step change requires substantial technological innovation and complex

data synthesis. TRICUSO will address these needs by a) improving the sensing technologies on floats and small uncrewed surface vessels,

b) supporting citizen science on yachts and potentially cruise and expedition vessels, c) integrating biological observations into the work

flow, d) improving data flows to scientists, e) evaluating the density of observations needed & f) proposing fit for purpose governance

structures that allow the RIs to operate within the G3W. These actions will enable us to have a much firmer grip of how and why Ocean

Carbon uptake varies and thus a much firmer evidence base on which to make decisions around managing climate change impacts.